Information on whether some Black Axe members were charged or sentenced for acts of violence could not be found among the sources consulted by the Research Directorate. Leadership indicates that, according to Nigerians living in Delta state, the federal government, the police, and traditional and religious institutions show a "lack of commitment in addressing the underlying causes of cult-related violence" 21 Feb.
According to the Vanguard , the Edo state Police Commissioner said that the federal government is "'doing its best'" to tackle the problem of cult violence in Edo state, "'but there are areas that still need improvement'" Vanguard 24 Jan. The Edo state Police Commissioner reportedly also said that police are facing a shortage of patrol vehicles, adding that no divisional operational department has more than one police vehicle ibid.
This Response was prepared after researching publicly accessible information currently available to the Research Directorate within time constraints.
This Response is not, and does not purport to be, conclusive as to the merit of any particular claim for refugee protection. Please find below the list of sources consulted in researching this Information Request.
Eghosa E. Osaghae, Augustine Ikelegbe, Omobolaji O. Olarinmoye, and Stephen I. Coventry Cathedral. February Stephen Davis. Daily Independent [Lagos].
Anolu Vincent and Bassey Inyang. Emmanuel Nzomiwu and Femi Ogbonnikan. Daily Trust [Abuja]. Nurudeen Oyewole. Hir Joseph. Doyin Adebusuyi. The Guardian [Lagos]. Alemma-Ozioruva Aliu and Michael Egbejule. Human Rights Watch. October Criminal Politics. Violence, "Godfathers" and Corruption in Nigeria. Leadership [Abuja]. Patrick Ochoga. The Nation [Lagos]. Titilayo Banjoko.
Osagie Otabor. Chima Oji. Despite the outcry, Fort Des Moines in Iowa became one of the segregated camps and in October over blacks were commissioned at the camp as captains and lieutenants. African-American soldiers provided much support overseas to the European Allies.
Those in black units who served as laborers, stevedores and in engineer service battalions were the first to arrive in France in , and in early , the th United States Infantry, a regiment of African-American combat troops, arrived to help the French Army.
They fought in the trenches for days and the entire regiment received the Croix de Guerre medal for their actions at Maison-en-Champagne. William Henry Furrowh of Wilmington was drafted into the U. Army on Aug. To record his military experiences, Furrowh wrote brief notations in his diary. His unit sailed for France on Sept. He noted that one of his first duties with the Depot Labor Company 23 was to unload flour at the Navy yard.
While serving in France, Furrowh dealt with his feelings of homesickness by writing and sending postcards to his mother, relatives and friends. On special occasions and birthdays, he also mailed beautiful, silk-embroidered greeting cards of a type sold to soldiers. He traveled to several other towns before starting his new military duty on Nov. After 11 months of service, he returned to the United States and received an honorable discharge at Camp Dix, N.
In August , he was issued a bronze victory lapel-button for his service. Virtually unknown today is the story of African-American medical doctors who volunteered to serve during World War I. They were assigned to care for the wounded and sick in the all-black units of the 92nd and 93rd divisions.
Most of these men graduated from the three black colleges that specialized in the training of medical professions: Meharry Medical College in Nashville, Tenn. Training started in August and the doctors learned sanitation procedures, camp infirmary work and military medical procedures for combat zones.
This rigorous training program was attended by doctors, but only successfully completed the courses to the satisfaction of the Army. For military service in France, eight doctors were selected out of the African-American medical officers to complete additional medical training at Camp Mead, Md. They left for France in May and supported the black troops in field hospitals and field artillery. In addition to their aliases, the conspirators used business entities to conceal and disguise the illegal nature of the funds.
Otubu also engaged in romance scams and used the victims of those scams to obtain money and to launder the proceeds of business email compromises back to South Africa. Otubu conspired with an individual identified in the criminal complaint as Co-conspirator 1, who was a founding member and leader of the Cape Town Zone of Black Axe. The aggravated identity theft charges carry a mandatory term of two years in prison, which must run consecutively to any other term of imprisonment imposed on a defendant.
Those defendants had their initial appearances in South Africa and are awaiting extradition to the United States on these charges. Both cases are before U. District Judge Michael A. Shipp in Trenton federal court. Acting U. OCDETF identifies, disrupts, and dismantles the highest-level criminal organizations that threaten the United States using a prosecutor-led, intelligence-driven, multi-agency approach.
The government is represented by Assistant U. Attorneys Jamie L. The charges and allegations contained in the indictments are merely accusations, and the defendants are presumed innocent unless and until proven guilty. You are here U.
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